![]() Our quality assessment ( Extended Data Fig. The reference assembly (Nleu1.0) provides on average 5.7-fold Sanger read coverage over 2.9 gigabase pairs (Gb) ( Table 1 and Supplementary Table ST1.1). In order to investigate the mechanisms behind the plasticity of the gibbon genome, understand the evolutionary relationships among the four extant gibbon genera and study the evolution of putatively functional sequences related to gibbon-specific adaptations, we sequenced and assembled the genome of a female northern white-cheeked gibbon ( Nomascus leucogenys) named ‘Asia’. Given the relatively recent differentiation of these genera (4–6 million years ago (Myr ago), this constitutes an extraordinarily fast rate of karyotype change. The four gibbon genera ( Nomascus, Hylobates, Hoolock and Symphalangus) occupy different regions of southeast Asia and bear distinctive karyotypes, with diploid chromosome numbers ranging from 38 to 52 ( Fig. Gibbons have several distinctive traits, the most striking of which is the unusually high number of large-scale chromosomal rearrangements in comparison to the inferred ancestral ape karyotype 2. Finally, we identify signatures of positive selection in genes important for forelimb development ( TBX5) and connective tissues ( COL1A1) that may have been involved in the adaptation of gibbons to their arboreal habitat. We further show that the gibbon genera ( Nomascus, Hylobates, Hoolock and Symphalangus) experienced a near-instantaneous radiation ∼5 million years ago, coincident with major geographical changes in southeast Asia that caused cycles of habitat compression and expansion. We describe the propensity for a gibbon-specific retrotransposon (LAVA) to insert into chromosome segregation genes and alter transcription by providing a premature termination site, suggesting a possible molecular mechanism for the genome plasticity of the gibbon lineage. Here we present the assembly and analysis of a northern white-cheeked gibbon ( Nomascus leucogenys) genome. Gibbons are small arboreal apes that display an accelerated rate of evolutionary chromosomal rearrangement and occupy a key node in the primate phylogeny between Old World monkeys and great apes. ![]() Nature volume 513, pages 195–201 ( 2014) Cite this article That episode aired just three months before Oakland died of colon cancer in Cathedral City, California, on August 29, 1983, a day after his 68th birthday.Gibbon genome and the fast karyotype evolution of small apes His last credited acting appearance was in the episode “Living and Presumed Dead” on the CBS television series Tucker’s Witch. Simon Oakland continued working up to the year of his death. At the time of his death he survived by his large extended friends and family. At the time of his death, he was 68 years old. On August 29, 1983, Simon Oakland died of non-communicable disease. ![]() Simon Oakland Personal Life, Relationships and Dating Noted, Simon Oakland’s primary income source was Actor, We are collecting information about Simon Oakland Cars, Monthly/Yearly Salary, Net worth from Wikipedia, Google, Forbes, and IMDb, will update you soon. In addition to his massive social media following actor Simon OaklandNet Worth Estimated Net Worth in 2021 His has a whopping net worth of $5 to $10 million. his Basic income source was mostly from being a successful Actor. Simon who brought in $3 million and $5 million Networth Simon collected most of his earnings from his Yeezy sneakers While he had exaggerated over the years about the size of his business, the money he pulled in from his profession real–enough to rank as one of the biggest celebrity cashouts of all time. Simon‘s estimated net worth, monthly and yearly salary, primary source of income, cars, lifestyle, and much more information have been updated below. ![]()
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